QT interval is the length between the beginning of the QRS complex (ventricular depolarization) and end of the T wave…
It is quite common to see accompanying acute kidney injury during a congestive heart failure exacerbation. WHY? Renal hypo-perfusion secondary…
Sodium bicarbonate has become the mainstay treatment for arrhythmias caused by TCA toxicity. The cardiotoxic effects of TCA work via…
Bifascicular Block: 1. Left anterior fascicular block (LAFB) or left posterior fascicular block (LPFB) AND 2. Right bundle branch block…
A heart "murmur" is the sound of blood flowing (i.e through a valve). RIGHT SIDED MURMURS (i.e Tricuspid regurgitation or…
Hypothyroidism has been recognized as a cause of secondary hypertension. Img Cred: http://circ.ahajournals.org/ Previous studies on the prevalence of hypertension…
Pleural effusions in patients with congestive heart failure are typically bilateral. However, a unilateral pleural effusion is more commonly seen…
Aortic stenosis (AS) is classically a mid-systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur that radiates to the carotid. Features that INCREASE likelihood [1]: Pulsus…
REGULAR IRREGULAR · Sinus tachycardia · AVRT · AVNRT · Atrial flutter (with fixed block) · Atrial tachycardia · Atrial…
Digoxin [Antiarrhythmic (Class III)] competes with Potassium for binding to cellular Na+/K+ ATPase pumps. Hypokalemia predisposes the patient to Digoxin…
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