Drugs/Metabolism

Difference between Mycophenolate Mofetil vs. Mycophenolate Sodium

The two drugs are not interchangeable, nor dose equivalents. Mycophenolate mofetil (Cellcept) is a semi-synthetic prodrug that is rapidly hydrolyzed…

6 years ago

Why Hold Metformin after IV Contrast?

Metformin belongs to the Biguanide class of medications used to treat Type 2 Diabetes. Metformin works by decreasing the amount…

9 years ago

Hydrochlorothiazide (HyperGLUC) Mnemonic

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is a thiazide diuretic that acts in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney on the Na/Cl- symporter to…

9 years ago

Corticosteroids and Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head: Mechanism

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) occurs when the blood supply to the femoral head is interrupted resulting in…

9 years ago

Why does Iron Poisoning cause Metabolic Acidosis?

Iron poisoning is often listed in the classic metabolic acidosis mnemonic MUDPILES, but how does it cause an anion gap…

10 years ago

Neuroleptics and Prolactin: Mechanism

Neuroleptic medications can produce hyperprolactinemia even at very low doses and are the most common cause of galactorrhea in psychiatric…

10 years ago

Hypokalemia and Digoxin Toxicity

Digoxin [Antiarrhythmic (Class III)] competes with Potassium for binding to cellular Na+/K+ ATPase pumps. Hypokalemia predisposes the patient to Digoxin…

10 years ago

How can Levodopa cross the blood-brain barrier, while Dopamine cannot?

Exogenous Dopamine is unable to cross the tight junctions of the endothelial cells in the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Dopamine has no clinically…

10 years ago

Dementia with Lewy bodies: Why to avoid Haldol

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common cause of neurodegenerative dementia in the elderly (accounting for 15-20%…

10 years ago

Tyramine and MAO inhibitors: Mechanism

Patients on Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO) inhibitors (especially MAO-A inhibitors or non-selective MAO inhibitors) are advised to avoid Tyramine rich foods.…

10 years ago

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