Drugs/Metabolism

Difference between Mycophenolate Mofetil vs. Mycophenolate Sodium

The two drugs are not interchangeable, nor dose equivalents. Mycophenolate mofetil (Cellcept) is a semi-synthetic prodrug that is rapidly hydrolyzed…

3 years ago

Why Hold Metformin after IV Contrast?

Metformin belongs to the Biguanide class of medications used to treat Type 2 Diabetes. Metformin works by decreasing the amount…

7 years ago

Hydrochlorothiazide (HyperGLUC) Mnemonic

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is a thiazide diuretic that acts in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney on the Na/Cl- symporter to…

7 years ago

Corticosteroids and Avascular Necrosis of the Femoral Head: Mechanism

Avascular necrosis of the femoral head (ANFH) occurs when the blood supply to the femoral head is interrupted resulting in…

7 years ago

Why does Iron Poisoning cause Metabolic Acidosis?

Iron poisoning is often listed in the classic metabolic acidosis mnemonic MUDPILES, but how does it cause an anion gap…

7 years ago

Neuroleptics and Prolactin: Mechanism

Neuroleptic medications can produce hyperprolactinemia even at very low doses and are the most common cause of galactorrhea in psychiatric…

7 years ago

Hypokalemia and Digoxin Toxicity

Digoxin [Antiarrhythmic (Class III)] competes with Potassium for binding to cellular Na+/K+ ATPase pumps. Hypokalemia predisposes the patient to Digoxin…

7 years ago

How can Levodopa cross the blood-brain barrier, while Dopamine cannot?

Exogenous Dopamine is unable to cross the tight junctions of the endothelial cells in the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Dopamine has no clinically…

8 years ago

Dementia with Lewy bodies: Why to avoid Haldol

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is the second most common cause of neurodegenerative dementia in the elderly (accounting for 15-20%…

8 years ago

Tyramine and MAO inhibitors: Mechanism

Patients on Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO) inhibitors (especially MAO-A inhibitors or non-selective MAO inhibitors) are advised to avoid Tyramine rich foods.…

8 years ago

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