Obstructive sleep apnea & Polycythemia: Mechanism

1 day ago
Dr. C Humphreys

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is thought to lead to secondary polycythemia due to intermittent hypoxia, which stimulates the release of…

Pale Stool, Dark Urine & Biliary Obstruction: Mechanism

1 day ago

Catabolism of hemoglobin leads to the release of heme, which converts to biliverdin and then to unconjugated bilirubin in the…

Why is Tongue Scalloping seen with Obstructive Sleep Apnea?

1 month ago

Tongue scalloping refers to the series of indentations along the sides of the tongue that occur due to pressure from…

Older Age and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Mechanism

7 months ago

Older age is recognized as a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea.[1] But why? Suspected physiologic changes with older age…

How does Weight Affect Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Mechanism

7 months ago

Being overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)/Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) is one of the most substantial risk factors for the…

Nocturia and OSA: Mechanism

2 years ago

Nocturia is a common symptom associated with obstructive sleep apnea. [1] Img Cred: Am J Lifestyle Med. 2021 May-Jun; 15(3):…

ASD vs. VSD Murmur Difference

2 years ago

ASD (Atrial Septal Defect) Wide, Fixed split S2 (in contrast to the normal variation in splitting during the respiratory cycle).…

Mechanism of a Mixed Apnea

3 years ago

Mixed apneas are characterized by absent respiratory effort and airflow in the first section of the event and respiratory effort…

How Does Hypothyroidism Cause Hypoventilation?

3 years ago

Although rare, the differential diagnosis of hypoventilation and hypercapnia respiratory failure includes hypothyroidism. It is usually associated with severe hypothyroidism…

Why is Pro-BNP/ BNP lower in Obesity?

3 years ago

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a hormone created in response to cardiac wall stretch due to volume or pressure overload.…

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