Older Age and Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Mechanism

4 weeks ago
Dr. C Humphreys

Older age is recognized as a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea.[1] But why? Suspected physiologic changes with older age…

How does Weight Affect Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Mechanism

4 weeks ago

Being overweight (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2)/Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) is one of the most substantial risk factors for the…

Nocturia and OSA: Mechanism

1 year ago

Nocturia is a common symptom associated with obstructive sleep apnea. [1] Img Cred: Am J Lifestyle Med. 2021 May-Jun; 15(3):…

ASD vs. VSD Murmur Difference

1 year ago

ASD (Atrial Septal Defect) Wide, Fixed split S2 (in contrast to the normal variation in splitting during the respiratory cycle).…

Mechanism of a Mixed Apnea

2 years ago

Mixed apneas are characterized by absent respiratory effort and airflow in the first section of the event and respiratory effort…

How Does Hypothyroidism Cause Hypoventilation?

2 years ago

Although rare, the differential diagnosis of hypoventilation and hypercapnia respiratory failure includes hypothyroidism. It is usually associated with severe hypothyroidism…

Why is Pro-BNP/ BNP lower in Obesity?

3 years ago

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a hormone created in response to cardiac wall stretch due to volume or pressure overload.…

What is Peribronchovascular Distribution on CT imaging?

3 years ago

A common finding described on computed tomography (CT) imaging. A disease with a peribronchovascular distribution involves the bronchi, adjacent lymphatics,…

Trapped Lung vs. Lung Entrapment

4 years ago

Though often used synonymously; Trapped Lung and Lung Entrapment technically describe separate entities along the same clinical spectrum. Trapped lung…

Cause of Pericardial Effusion in Pulmonary Hypertension: Pathogenesis

4 years ago

It is not clearly understood why patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) develop pericardial effusions. However, the presence of a pericardial…

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