The connecting peptide, or C-peptide, is a short 31-amino-acid protein that connects insulin's A-chain to its B-chain in the proinsulin…
When you begin to treat DKA, it paradoxically appears to get worse on urinalysis before getting better. WHY? Serum ketones…
Albumin makes up a majority of the anion gap (unmeasured anion protein). Hence in states of low albumin, an anion…
Total Calcium needs to be interpreted in the context of serum albumin levels WHY? Calcium is protein bound (primarily to…
Pellagra, a deficiency of vitamin B3 (niacin), can be secondary to a recurrent carcinoid tumor. Carcinoid tumors produce serotonin, which…
Leukocytosis is secondary to demargination. Corticosteroids, anti inflammatory glucocorticoids (i.e dexamethasone) and catecholamines (i.e epinephrine) cause leukocytes to demarginate from the…
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