Gastrointestinal

SSRI and Upper GI Bleed: Mechanism

SSRIs have been implicated in a modest increase risk of Upper GI bleeds in recent meta-analysis and review. [6] Img…

8 years ago

What are the Liver Function Tests (LFTs)?

A pretty standard question to be asked on the wards. They are markers of Liver Synthetic function; they are as…

8 years ago

Crohn’s disease and Nephrolithiasis: Mechanism

Renal disorders, especially nephrolithiasis, are observed in one-third of patients with Crohn's disease, probably related to increased oxalate absorption associated…

8 years ago

How the Urea breath test works?

H. pylori that colonizes the gastric mucosa will produce an enzyme called Urease (catalyzes the breakdown of urea to produce…

8 years ago

Ascites Fluid Wave Test: Why a hand on the abdomen?

Ascites: Defined as free fluid in the abdominal cavity. The fluid wave is a very specific test (82-92%) for detecting…

8 years ago

Why is AST/ALT 2:1 in Alcoholic Hepatitis?

Patients with alcoholic hepatitis almost always have liver markers levels less than 500 IU/L and often have a ratio AST/ALT…

8 years ago

Why do PPIs reduce B12 Levels?

Gastric acid inhibitors [Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPIs) & Histamine 2 receptor antagonists (H2RAs)] is associated with vitamin B12 deficiency; especially…

8 years ago

Crohn’s Disease vs. Ulcerative Colitis

Differential Dx of Signs and Symptoms SYMPTOMS Crohn’s Disease Ulcerative Colitis Defecation Will present porridge-like stool and possibly fatty diarrhea…

8 years ago

Why does Urea increase during an Upper GI bleed?

Extensive bleeding from the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract will cause an increase in Urea (BUN). HOW? Blood is full of…

9 years ago

Why does Hemochromatosis cause Bronze Skin?

Cutaneous hyperpigmentation can be present in 70% of patients due to two different mechanisms: (1) hemosiderin deposition => diffuse, slate-gray…

9 years ago

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