Categories: Endocrinology

Effects of Insulin

Metabolic effects Insulin stimulates Insulin inhibits
Carbohydrate metabolism
  • Glucose transport in adipose tissue and muscle
  • Rate of glycolysis in muscle and adipose tissue
  • Glycogen synthesis in adipose tissue, muscle, and liver
  • Glycogen breakdown in muscle and liver
  • Rate of glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis in the liver
Lipid metabolism
  • Fatty acid and Triglyceride synthesis in tissues
  • Uptake of triglycerides from the blood into adipose tissue and muscle
  • Rate of cholesterol synthesis in the liver
  • Lipolysis in adipose tissue, lowering the plasma fatty acid level
  • Fatty acid oxidation in muscle and liver
  • Ketogenesis
Protein metabolism
  • Amino acid transport into tissues
  • Protein synthesis in muscle, adipose tissue, liver, and other tissues
  • Protein degradation in muscle
  • Urea formation

 

REFERENCES

1. Chapter 17. Pancreatic Hormones and Diabetes Mellitus. Greenspan’s Basic & Clinical Endocrinology, 9e  

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Dr. C Humphreys

Internal Medicine

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Published by
Dr. C Humphreys
7 years ago

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