Post-hypercapnic Alkalosis: Mechanism

7 years ago

Post hypercapnic alkalosis (PHA) is frequently overlooked as a complication of acutely intubated & mechanically ventilated patients with COPD exacerbations.…

Why 2:1 Ratio of AST/ALT in Alcoholic Hepatitis?

7 years ago

Alcoholic hepatitis lab findings classically reveal serum AST/ ALT >2. (Although rarely above 300 IU per milliliter). Although this finding…

Hypocalcemia and Pancreatitis: Mechanism

7 years ago

Various studies have demonstrated Hypocalcemia as a poor prognostic marker in patients with pancreatitis. It is often apart of severity…

11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase and Licorice: Mechanism

7 years ago

Cortisol, the primary glucocorticoid in the body binds to glucocorticoid receptors. However, given its molecular similarity to Aldosterone (mineralcorticoid) it…

Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis

7 years ago

Multi system disorder seen only in patients with CKD (GFR <15; rarely with a GFR of 15–29, but FDA currently…

Indications for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP) Prophylaxis

7 years ago

Antibiotic prophylaxis for patients with risk factors for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) include: Known history of SBP: Typically prolonged outpatient…

Factors affecting Pulse Oximetry

7 years ago

Pulse oximetry is almost ubiquitous in the acute medicine setting. It can be very useful but has its limitations. Some…

Animal Bites: Pasteurella, Capnocytophaga, Eikenella

7 years ago

A common infectious disease question is what organism(s) is associated with different kinds of bites. Cat Bites: Pasteurella multocida Dog…

Asterixis: Causes

7 years ago

Asterixis is considered a form of myoclonus. HOW TO DETECT? Have the patient hold their arms outstretched with fingers and…

Hydrochlorothiazide (HyperGLUC) Mnemonic

7 years ago

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is a thiazide diuretic that acts in the distal convoluted tubule of the kidney on the Na/Cl- symporter to…

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