Pulse oximetry is almost ubiquitous in the acute medicine setting. It can be very useful but has its limitations. Some…
Asterixis is considered a form of myoclonus. HOW TO DETECT? Have the patient hold their arms outstretched with fingers and…
Spontaneous Pneumothorax Can be either primary (absence of underlying lung pathology) or secondary (due to presence of underlying lung pathology)…
Upper Lobe: SET CAP or FASTEN S: Silicosis/sarcoidosis E: Extrinsic allergic alveolitis (hypersensitivity pneumonitis) T: Tuberculosis C: Cystic Fibrosis A: Ankylosing…
Isotonic pH 6.6 130 mEq Sodium 4 mEq Potassium 3 mEq Calcium 109 mEq Chloride 28 mEq Sodium Lactate (provides…
Obstructive shock occurs due to obstruction of the cardiovascular system. Commonly due to PE, Tension pneumothorax and Tamponade. HOW? PE…
The JAMA Rational Clinical Examination recommends two clinical signs: Img Cred: The JAMA Rational Clinical Examination The Lovibond angle (angle…
Smoking Cessation Long-term Oxygen therapy (>15 hours per day) Lung volume reduction surgery in certain subsets of COPD patients (Emphysema)…
A granuloma is a focal, compact collection of inflammatory cells (i.e histocytes). "Caseation" (translation "turning to cheese"). Non caseating aka Non-necrotizing…
When a pneumothorax is suspected, an inspiration AND expiration chest x-ray will often be obtained. On an expiratory film, the…
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