Cold Agglutinins => Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) occurring around 28-31°C -> Typically IgM auto antibodies directed against red blood cells,…
MECHANISM: The loss of the hydrophilic AA for a hydrophobic AA will allow it to interact with hydrophobic AA helices…
Signs of intravascular hemolysis include: Elevated lactate dehydrogenase (marker of tissue damage) Reduction in haptoglobin (binds free hemoglobin [Hb]) UNnconjugated hyperbilirubinemia…
When you start a patient on Warfarin (i.e after a PE); there will be an overlap of administration of Warfarin…
Hypercalcemia affects up to a third of cancer patients and malignant hypercalcemia is the most common oncological emergency leading to…
pRBC (Packed Red Blood Cells): Blood centrifuged to remove plasma. Will replace red blood cell to improve oxygenation and anemia…
NOTE: One unit of packed red cells will usually raise the hemoglobin by approximately 1 g/dL (10 g/L) REFERENCES Chapter…
MOST COMMON: FNHTR [Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction] (5% with platelets, <1% with RBCs), allo-immunization to red cell antigen Serious: TACO…
ITP often no cause (cause be due to URTI, SLE, HIV, HCV) Acute: children (2-6 y.o) => abrupt hemorrhagic…
Multiple Myeloma (cancer of plasma cells); the classic mnemonic of symptoms/ findings is CRAB. hyperCalcemia Renal failure (Cr elevated) Anemia…
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