Hematology/Oncology

Sickle Cell Anemia Occlusion: Mechanism

MECHANISM: The loss of the hydrophilic AA for a hydrophobic AA will allow it to interact with hydrophobic AA helices…

8 years ago

Biochemical Signs of Hemolysis

Signs of intravascular hemolysis include: Elevated lactate dehydrogenase (marker of tissue damage) Reduction in haptoglobin (binds free hemoglobin [Hb]) UNnconjugated hyperbilirubinemia…

8 years ago

Why do you bridge Warfarin?

When you start a patient on Warfarin (i.e after a PE); there will be an overlap of administration of Warfarin…

8 years ago

Hypercalcemia and Malignancy: Mechanism

Hypercalcemia affects up to a third of cancer patients and malignant hypercalcemia is the most common oncological emergency leading to…

8 years ago

What is pRBC, FFP and Cyro?

pRBC (Packed Red Blood Cells): Blood centrifuged to remove plasma. Will replace red blood cell to improve oxygenation and anemia…

8 years ago

How much does 1 pRBC increase Hemoglobin?

NOTE: One unit of packed red cells will usually raise the hemoglobin by approximately 1 g/dL (10 g/L) REFERENCES  Chapter…

8 years ago

What are the complications of massive Blood Transfusion?

MOST COMMON: FNHTR [Febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reaction] (5% with platelets, <1% with RBCs), allo-immunization to red cell antigen Serious: TACO…

8 years ago

ITP vs. TTP

ITP    often no cause (cause be due to URTI, SLE, HIV, HCV) Acute: children (2-6 y.o) => abrupt hemorrhagic…

8 years ago

Multiple Myeloma and CRAB

Multiple Myeloma (cancer of plasma cells); the classic mnemonic of symptoms/ findings is CRAB. hyperCalcemia Renal failure (Cr elevated) Anemia…

9 years ago

Why can a Massive Blood Transfusion cause Hypocalcemia?

The preservative contains citrate (as an anticoagulant) which binds the ionized serum calcium, causing Hypocalcemia. [1] References 1. Schmitt HJ,…

9 years ago

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