ADLs (DEATH) and IADLs (SHAFT)

8 years ago

ADLS (Activities of daily living): Often used to assess functional status; Mostly used for elderly or chronically ill patients. D-…

What are the Reversible Causes of Dementia? (mnemonic)

8 years ago

VERY common question on internal medicine wards, and important to recognize as early as possible! The mnemonic commonly used is…

Crohn’s Disease vs. Ulcerative Colitis

8 years ago

Differential Dx of Signs and Symptoms SYMPTOMS Crohn’s Disease Ulcerative Colitis Defecation Will present porridge-like stool and possibly fatty diarrhea…

Causes of Pancreatitis: I GET SMASHED

8 years ago

Idiopathic (i.e microlithiasis) ·         Gallstones Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)         Trauma (especially blunt abdominal trauma)·   Scorpion bites (Tityus trinitatis, Trinidad) Mumps.…

Signs of Hypocalcemia

8 years ago

HYPOCALCEMIA Low serum calcium levels in the blood< 2.12mmol/L (TOTAL) and <1.16mmol/L (+) Signs and Symptoms POSITIVE bathmotropic effects due…

Why expiration film for Pneumothorax?

8 years ago

When a pneumothorax is suspected, an inspiration AND expiration chest x-ray will often be obtained. On an expiratory film, the…

Empyema vs. Abscess

8 years ago

Empyema => collection of pus in a pre-existing anatomical cavity (i.e pleura space) Abscess => collection of pus in a…

When to administer Tissue Plasminogen Activator (tPA)

8 years ago

tPA is considered a gold standard for treatment of patients with ischemic strokes. Mechanism: Works by dissolving clots and restoring/improving…

Biochemical signs of Overdiuresis

8 years ago

Diuresis is an important treatment in the setting of fluid overload. But it has potential side effects. Of NOTE: Thiazide:…

What is pRBC, FFP and Cyro?

8 years ago

pRBC (Packed Red Blood Cells): Blood centrifuged to remove plasma. Will replace red blood cell to improve oxygenation and anemia…

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