Why does the lupus malar rash spare the nasolabial folds?

Malar rash (also known as the “butterfly rash,”) is an acute manifestation of lupus (SLE) seen in over 50% of…

4 years ago

Why no Nitrates in Right Ventricle Myocardial Infarction (MI)?

Up to 40% of inferior wall Myocardial infarctions have associated right ventricular involvement. Venodilation and medications that decrease RV filling…

5 years ago

What is Ventricular interdependence?

Ventricular interdependence occurs when there is discordance. This results from the heart ventricles filling out of phase with one another.…

5 years ago

Hypoxia and pulmonary embolism (PE): Mechanism

The clot CAUSES Dead space; which does not cause hypoxia/hypoxemia on its own. ALWAYS ASK ABOUT:  Resp Rate (PE creates…

5 years ago

Why is LDH elevated in Pleural Fluid from Diuretics: Mechanism

It is common teaching to be judicious when interpreting the thoracentesis results of patients receiving diuretic therapy. It is stated,…

5 years ago

Lung lobes most commonly affected by Aspiration (Upright vs. Supine)

Aspiration events have a gravity-based predilection, meaning the lobes/ lung segments in the most dependent positions are likely affected. Also,…

5 years ago

Oligoarticular vs. Polyarticular Arthritis

As its name suggests, Monoarticular involves one joint. Oligoarticular is defined as involving greater than one joint but less than…

5 years ago

Uncomplicated Vs. Complicated Staph Aureus Bacteremia

Uncomplicated Staph Aureus Bacteremia  No evidence of endocarditis No prosthetic device No evidence of metastatic infection Defervescence after 72 hours…

5 years ago

Susceptibility to Vancomycin: E. faecium & E. faecalis

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) first appeared in Europe during the 1980s. It rapidly spread to North America by the 1990s.  Susceptibility:…

5 years ago

Consolidation vs. Ground Glass Opacities

Ground glass opacities are hazy increases in lung opacity without obscuration of the underlying parenchymal vessels. Whereas, Consolidation is an…

5 years ago

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