Factor VIII: DIC vs Liver Disease (Cirrhosis)

Distinguishing between the coagulation abnormalities of liver disease vs. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) can be difficult as clinical and biochemical findings…

5 years ago

What is Hoover Sign?

Hoover's sign refers to the paradoxical inspiratory retraction of the rib cage and lower intercostal interspaces. Normally, the costal margin…

5 years ago

Why does the lupus malar rash spare the nasolabial folds?

Malar rash (also known as the “butterfly rash,”) is an acute manifestation of lupus (SLE) seen in over 50% of…

5 years ago

Why no Nitrates in Right Ventricle Myocardial Infarction (MI)?

Up to 40% of inferior wall Myocardial infarctions have associated right ventricular involvement. Venodilation and medications that decrease RV filling…

5 years ago

What is Ventricular interdependence?

Ventricular interdependence occurs when there is discordance. This results from the heart ventricles filling out of phase with one another.…

5 years ago

Hypoxia and pulmonary embolism (PE): Mechanism

The clot CAUSES Dead space; which does not cause hypoxia/hypoxemia on its own. ALWAYS ASK ABOUT:  Resp Rate (PE creates…

5 years ago

Why is LDH elevated in Pleural Fluid from Diuretics: Mechanism

It is common teaching to be judicious when interpreting the thoracentesis results of patients receiving diuretic therapy. It is stated,…

5 years ago

Lung lobes most commonly affected by Aspiration (Upright vs. Supine)

Aspiration events have a gravity-based predilection, meaning the lobes/ lung segments in the most dependent positions are likely affected. Also,…

5 years ago

Oligoarticular vs. Polyarticular Arthritis

As its name suggests, Monoarticular involves one joint. Oligoarticular is defined as involving greater than one joint but less than…

5 years ago

Uncomplicated Vs. Complicated Staph Aureus Bacteremia

Uncomplicated Staph Aureus Bacteremia  No evidence of endocarditis No prosthetic device No evidence of metastatic infection Defervescence after 72 hours…

5 years ago

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