Functions on the premise of mismatch in coronary perfusion after a vasodilator (e.g dipyridamole) is administered. HOW? The coronary vessels…
Often confused as the same syndrome, Hepatopulmonary syndrome and Portopulmonary hypertension are two distinct disease processes. Both are characterized as…
When a patient presents with DKA, it is important to try to elucidate the cause. An easy way to remember…
Alpha1 antitrypsin (α1 AT) deficiency is the only known genetic abnormality that leads to COPD; it accounts for less than…
Patients presenting with severe alcoholic hepatitis (Discriminant Function value ≥32) have high short-term mortality and may benefit from treatment with…
Distinguishing between the coagulation abnormalities of liver disease vs. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) can be difficult as clinical and biochemical findings…
Hoover's sign refers to the paradoxical inspiratory retraction of the rib cage and lower intercostal interspaces. Normally, the costal margin…
Malar rash (also known as the “butterfly rash,”) is an acute manifestation of lupus (SLE) seen in over 50% of…
Up to 40% of inferior wall Myocardial infarctions have associated right ventricular involvement. Venodilation and medications that decrease RV filling…
Ventricular interdependence occurs when there is discordance. This results from the heart ventricles filling out of phase with one another.…
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