Alcohol Withdrawal & GABA: Mechanism

9 years ago

MECHANISM: Abrupt withdrawal is thought to reduce inhibitory neurotransmission and enhance excitatory neurotransmission. Caused by the effects of alcohol on…

Why do you bridge Warfarin?

9 years ago

When you start a patient on Warfarin (i.e after a PE); there will be an overlap of administration of Warfarin…

What is Pulsus Paradoxus?

9 years ago

WHAT IS IT? Drop in blood pressure of more than 10 mmHg during inspiration phase. Technically not "paradoxical". It is…

Tyramine and MAO inhibitors: Mechanism

9 years ago

Patients on Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAO) inhibitors (especially MAO-A inhibitors or non-selective MAO inhibitors) are advised to avoid Tyramine rich foods.…

What are Non caseating (Non-necrotizing) Granulomas?

9 years ago

A granuloma is a focal, compact collection of inflammatory cells (i.e histocytes). "Caseation" (translation "turning to cheese"). Non caseating aka Non-necrotizing…

Hypercalcemia and Malignancy: Mechanism

9 years ago

Hypercalcemia affects up to a third of cancer patients and malignant hypercalcemia is the most common oncological emergency leading to…

Azotemia vs. Uremia

9 years ago

Azotemia => Characterized by increased levels of nitrogen-containing compounds (i.e urea, BUN) NOT severe enough to cause symptoms. Uremia =>…

Crohn’s disease and Nephrolithiasis: Mechanism

9 years ago

Renal disorders, especially nephrolithiasis, are observed in one-third of patients with Crohn's disease, probably related to increased oxalate absorption associated…

Purple Urine Syndrome: Mechanism

9 years ago

Rarely, there can be purple discoloration of the urine, collecting bag, and tubing (the purple urine bag syndrome). The purple…

How the Urea breath test works?

9 years ago

H. pylori that colonizes the gastric mucosa will produce an enzyme called Urease (catalyzes the breakdown of urea to produce…

This website uses cookies.